Studies on Functional Outcomes

Study Results on Driving
The visual training technology incorporated into InSight^®—our program for visual processing and memory—has been clinically proven to increase driving skill and safety in adults. The improvements people make with Posit Science training generalize, or extend, to real behind-the-wheel driving situations. Studies have also shown that individuals who perform poorly on the Posit Science training program are more likely to be involved in traffic accidents and drive less safely in general.

Posit Science trained drivers experience a wide range of driving benefits, including:

• A 40% reduction in unsafe driving maneuvers like unsafe lane changes.
• A 200% average increase in useful field of view—the area over which a person can see without moving his or her eyes or head—making it easier for drivers to see more hazards on the road.
• An increase in reaction time so drivers traveling at 55 m.p.h. can stop 22 feet sooner to avoid collisions.
• Lower overall crash risk.
• An increase in driving confidence so individuals can drive longer, drive in difficult conditions (e.g., at night, in bad weather), and drive more frequently.

Superior, long-lasting benefits
Study data show that Posit Science training is more effective in keeping drivers safe than classroom or behind-the-wheel driver safety training. The safety benefits Posit Science training provides also last longer than traditional driving classes: After 18 months, Posit Science trained drivers were safer than drivers who did other types of safety training.

Study Results on Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (TIADL)
The ability to complete everyday tasks—such as reading medication labels, looking up information in a phone book, and other activities—quickly and accurately is an essential part of living a healthy, independent lifestyle. Numerous studies have shown that Posit Science training helps older adults perform these activities of daily living faster and more precisely.

Key study results:

• Posit Science training improves performance on timed instrumental activities of daily living.
• Gains made by users of Posit Science training are larger in individuals with pre-training cognitive impairments.
• Improvements made with Posit Science training also reduce the risk of serious declines in health related quality of life by 35.6%.
• Improvements made with Posit Science training last for five or more years without additional training.

Study Results on Biomarkers
Posit Science training is clinically proven to drive positive physical changes in the brain that can be measured by certain biological markers, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), certain chemical compounds in the blood, and other indicators.

Key results include:

• fMRI scans indicate that Posit Science training improves the activation of numerous brain regions, including the precentral gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus.
• fMRI scans demonstrate that Posit Science training increases activation in the hippocampal brain region of individuals with mild cognitive impairment. The hippocampus plays an important role in long term memory and other cognitive functions.
• Posit Science training drives a sustained increase in the presence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the blood. BDNF is associated with the beneficial effects of cognitive stimulation on brain.
• Posit Science is also involved in ongoing studies that use fMRI and Electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the effect of Posit Science training on brain plasticity in the visual system, as well as measures of global processing efficiency.