In this study, 2802 adults aged 65 years or older were randomized to three cognitive interventions or a no-contact control group. Data on 1804 participants were available at both the 2- and 5-year follow-ups. Of the 4 groups, the group that trained with Posit Science programs had the most clinically significant protection against declines in health-related quality of life (HRQoL)at both 2 and 5 years post-training.